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The Number and Capacity of Operable Petroleum Refineries for the States of
Texas and Louisiana as of January 1, 2005:
Louisiana |
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Total Refineries |
17 |
Operating Refineries |
17 |
Refineries Output
Barrels per Calendar Day |
2,772,723 |
Texas |
|
Total Refineries |
26 |
Operating Refineries |
25 |
Refineries Output
Barrels per Calendar Day |
4,628,491 |
Total Output TX/LA
Barrels per Calendar Day |
7,401,214 |
Total Output USA
Barrels per Calendar Day |
17,124,870 |
TX/LA % of USA |
43.22% |
Capacity has increased markedly from 2003 – 2005 for the PAD III Zone
which Texas and Louisiana output is reported.
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Cokers |
Catalytic Crackers |
Hydrocrackers |
2003 |
1,133,340 |
2,848,858 |
765,069 |
2004 |
1,205,740 |
2,911,145 |
729,210 |
2005 |
1,228,629 |
2,921,798 |
720,099 |
Capacity has increased 15.96% in during the 24 calendar months.
2005's hurricane season to date has effectively removed 26% of the Nation's
refinery capacity according to the Department of Energy (DOE).
Using the IEA Data above; 444 million gallons of gasoline per day has
been removed from the market since last Thursday.
Reports as to the damage to refineries and other infrastructure, such as pipelines
and rigs will take a week to ten days to asses according the DOE.
A true energy crisis is on the horizon.
Persistent fuel shortages and rising gas prices will certainly have a considerable
effect upon the economy. How great a magnitude will depend on the speed with
which both onshore and offshore petro-infrastructure is brought back up and
begins producing again.
Consumers confidence will be the key to avoid a panic, so I am looking for
the Federal Reserve to continue precisely what they have done, which is provide
liquidity for the broad markets through widespread intervention.
Federal Reserve aggregate operations are up 40% in aggregate over the past
45 days.
Another compounding moral hazard serves to mask fact and maintain an illusion
at odds with the Americans realities.
Things have clearly gone very wrong.
Poking research notes on Long Term Capital Management; I was struck by a statement
made directly from the Bank of International Settlements (BIS) in analyzing
the evidence of the data after the resolution of the LTCM as it is rational
fully expect similar behavior directed towards the multitude of crisis's we
face.
The BIS sums up the empirical results in its conclusions:
"Ultimately, these findings cannot lead one to conclude whether the Federal
Reserve should have intervened in the way in which it did because the benefits
and costs of Fed action are neither measured in their entirety nor weighted
by an appropriate social welfare function."
"Nevertheless, the results suggest that the benefits of Fed intervention
may have been lower and the costs higher than perceived at the time."
For a group of Economists to make this subjective of an observation, a value
judgment, based upon the compounding moral hazards observed, you know the Federal
Reserve made a tremendous blunder.
The evolution of the 'Repo Hazard' was heavily tested during Long Term Capital
Management crisis and elevated as Enron began to implode into insolvency.
What had been a vector for managing Federal Funds after the fact; REPO's became
the vehicle for replacing Reserve Requirements shortfalls.
The Federal Reserve not only compounded their mistake, they created the ultimate
moral hazard in suggesting the "To Big to Fail" mantra.
Enron's insolvency presented fundamentally different challenges than LTCM
and its failure had minimal effect on broad financial markets. Liquidity in
energy markets and communications bandwidth trading collapsed after Enron's
bankruptcy filing.
The LTCM crisis was far more severe. LTCM's insolvency was solely driven by
escalating losses in their derivatives positions. Enron's insolvency was driven
by unrelenting and mounting losses in its core non-financial businesses sheltered
from the light of day through massive accounting fraud. Its derivatives trading
desk was its only profitable operation. Enron's derivatives trading business
accounted for the majority of its income. The Derivatives Desk was ultimately
sold to UBS Warburg in order to minimize the disruption to OTC markets.
The Federal Reserve's recent actions to contain risks and increase liquidity
indicate a marked change in their continued egregious behavior.
Each passing day feels as though we've cheated reality once again, only to
increase the risks for tomorrow. How many Enron's, how many LTCM's are being
covered up, propped up with money via a keystroke.
This is no way to live, it's cheating.
Perpetuating fraud, moral decay and apathy, go hand in hand with some very
dark chapters in human history.
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